ABA glossary
Behavioral skills training
Also called BST
Definition
A training method that teaches a skill through four components: instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback, repeated until the trainee performs the skill correctly to a set criterion. Abbreviated BST.
In plain words
BST is the standard, evidence-based way to train RBTs, caregivers, and staff to run procedures. The trainer explains the skill and why it matters (instructions), demonstrates it (modeling), has the trainee practice it, often in role play (rehearsal), and then tells the trainee what was done well and what to fix (feedback). The cycle repeats until the trainee meets the mastery criterion. Training continues with observation and feedback in real sessions so the skill carries over to the job.
Example from a session
To train a new RBT on running a DRO, the BCBA first describes the steps and gives a written checklist. She then demonstrates the procedure with a mock timer, has the RBT practice it while she plays the learner, and gives specific feedback: "You reset the timer right away. Next time, deliver the sticker as soon as the interval ends." They repeat until the RBT completes every step correctly twice in a row, then the BCBA observes her in a real session.
For BCBA candidates and supervisors
BST is effective for training staff, caregivers, and clients across many skills (from implementing DTT to safety skills). Analysts set an explicit mastery criterion, use in-situ assessment or observation in the natural setting to check generalization, and plan follow-up feedback to maintain performance. Competency-based training with BST is widely recommended for RBT training and supervision and is also central to performance management for supervisors.
Often confused with modeling, performance feedback
Modeling and feedback are components of BST, not substitutes for it. Showing a procedure once (modeling only) or giving notes after a session (feedback only) is not BST. BST combines instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback and continues until the trainee meets a performance criterion.
Exam tip
Know the four components in order: instructions, modeling, rehearsal, feedback. If an option skips rehearsal, it is incomplete. The training ends when the trainee meets a criterion, not after a set number of sessions.
Can you spot behavioral skills training in a scenario?
Practice RBT F.2 with exam-style questions and instant feedback.